AA 12 V Car Solar Battery Trickle Charger, AA1432 - for Vehicles and Caravans - Battery Connectors Included, Solar 4.8W, Black

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The T1, T2 stage detects the battery voltage when it drops to 13V by illuminating the attached LED at the collector of T2, while the T3, T4 stage detects the battery voltage when it reaches below 11V, and indicates the situation by illuminating the LED associated with the collector of T4. For a 6V battery the zener voltage could be selected as 7.5V, for 12V battery the zener voltage could be around 15V and so on.

Couple more questions, I cannot find a solar panel with those specs, do you think you could send me one on the internet so I can find something similar? Great idea on the flashlight bulb, I assume this would need to be an incandescent light? Do you think this would properly protect the battery or would an additional resistor be needed? The IC2 stage can be built as shown and will not require any setting up procedure except the selection of R11 which may be done using the formula as expressed in this universal current limiter article Parts List A red LED light turns on for each side charging, shuts off when charging is complete, and blinks to warn of bad batteries. An auto cut-off function helps make sure your batteries don't overcharge.The above explanation reveals how the IC LM338 can be simply used for making an useful solar LED light circuit with an automatic charger. 4) Automatic Solar Light Circuit using a Relay

Limiting resistors are not employed for the 10 watt LEDs since the input voltage from the battery is on par with the specified 12V limit of the LED module and therefore cannot exceed the safe limits. watts x 2 plus 8 watt gives a total of around 80 watts which is the total required consumption level here. The switch in series with the battery is not required. The remaining two switches are fine. This switch can be replaced with a 4 ohm 2 watt, or simply a 6 V flashlight bulb. The circuit diagram shown below probably satisfies all the above specifications and yet stays within the affordable limit. Circuit Diagram

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As we know the IC 7812 will produce a fixed 12V at the output which cannot be used for charging a 12V battery. The 3 diodes connected at its ground (GND) terminals is introduced specifically to counter this problem, and to upgrade the IC output to about 12 + 0.7 + 0.7 + 0.7 V = 14.1 V, which is exactly what is required for charging a 12 V battery fully. After dusk, when the solar voltage becomes sufficiently low, the relay is no longer able to hold its N/O position and flips to the N/C changeover, connecting the battery with the LED module, and illuminating the array through the available fully charged battery power. Another associated disadvantage of the earlier circuit is its low power spec which restricts it from using high power batteries and LEDs.